新人教版八年级英语上册Unit 7 重点短语及句型讲解!

Unit 7 When Tomorrow Comes
一、重点短语
in the future 将来
live longer 活得更久
take over 接管
space stations 太空站
AI (artificial intelligence) 人工智能
keep learning 持续学习
traffic accidents 交通事故
better health care 更好的医疗
use robots 使用机器人
travel to Mars 去火星旅行
have smart homes 有智能家庭
online education 在线教育
driverless cars 无人驾驶汽车
clean energy 清洁能源
less pollution 更少污染
more tall buildings 更多高楼
work from home 居家办公
virtual reality 虚拟现实
explore the ocean 探索海洋
longer holidays 更长的假期
new kinds of food 新型食物
communicate with aliens 和外星人交流
cure serious diseases 治愈严重疾病
live in cities under the sea 住在海底城市
fly to the moon 飞到月球
more free time 更多空闲时间
robots do chores 机器人做家务
3D-printed houses 3D打印房屋
global warming 全球变暖
solve environmental problems 解决环境问题
shorter working hours 更短的工作时间
new forms of transportation 新型交通工具
live in space stations 住在太空站
use solar energy 使用太阳能
have robot teachers 有机器人老师
travel by spaceship 乘宇宙飞船旅行
grow food in labs 在实验室种食物
wear smart clothes 穿智能衣服
二、重点句型
1. What do you think life will be like in 50 years? 你觉得50年后生活会是什么样子?
【like的用法】
“like”在英语中有多种用法,以下是常见的几种:
1)作动词
①like + 名词/代词:表明“喜爱某人/某物”。如:I like apples.(我喜爱苹果。)
We like her very much.(我们很喜爱她。)
②like doing sth.:表明长期、习惯性的爱好或兴趣。
He likes reading books.
(他喜爱读书。)
She likes swimming in summer.
(她喜爱在夏天游泳。)
③like to do sth.:表明偶尔或特定场合下的喜好,强调具体某次动作。
I like to watch a movie tonight.
(今晚我想看电影。)
They like to go hiking on weekends.(他们喜爱在周末去徒步。)
④like sb. to do sth.:表明“喜爱某人做某事”。
The teacher likes students to answer questions actively.
(老师喜爱学生积极回答问题。)
She likes her brother to play with her.(她喜爱她的弟弟和她一起玩。)
⑤would like:表明“想要”,用于礼貌地表达需求或愿望。
I would like a cup of coffee.
(我想要一杯咖啡。)
Would you like to go with me?
(你愿意和我一起去吗?)
2)作介词
①like + 名词/代词:
表明“像……一样”,用于描述类似性。
She looks like her mother.
(她看起来像她的母亲。)
He runs like a cheetah.
(他跑得像猎豹一样快。)
②like + 名词:
表明“例如、列如”(口语中常用)。
I love fruits, like apples and bananas.
(我喜爱水果,列如苹果和香蕉。)
There are many animals in the zoo, like lions and tigers.(动物园里有许多动物,列如狮子和老虎。)
3)作连词(口语用法)
①like + 从句:表明“好像、仿佛”,相当于“as if”或“as though”。
It looks like it's going to rain.
(看起来好像要下雨了。)
He acts like he knows everything.
(他表现得好像什么都知道。)
②作副词(口语用法)
用于填充语气,表明“大约、大致”或表达犹豫、不确定。
I was, like, so surprised.
(我当时,呃,太惊讶了。)
There were, like, fifty people at the party.(聚会上大致有五十个人。)
3)作名词
likes(复数):表明“喜好、爱好”。
Tell me about your likes and dislikes.
(告知我你的喜好和厌恶。)
His likes include reading and traveling.
(他的爱好包括阅读和旅行。)
4)在社交媒体中,“like”表明“点赞”。
This post got 100 likes.
(这条帖子获得了100个赞。)
Please give me a like.
(请给我点个赞。)
2. I think people will live in smart homes—robots will do all the chores! 我觉得人们会住在智能家庭,机器人会做所有家务!
3. Will students go to school in the future? 未来学生还会去上学吗?
【in the future 和 in future 的区别】
1)时间范围
①in the future:指未来的某个时间点,范围较广,适用于较远的将来。
②in future:表明从目前开始,强调近期的将来。
2)使用场景
①in the future:常用于一般性预测、梦想或计划,语气中性。例句:I hope to become a doctor in the future.
②in future:多用于给出提议、指示或警告,语气较强。例句:In future, please be more careful with your work.
3)地域差异
①in future:主要用于英式英语。
②in the future:在英式和美式英语中都常见,但美式英语中更常用。
总结来说,in the future 适合描述遥远的未来,而 in future 更偏向从目前开始的近期变化,且使用场景更具体。
4. Maybe not———they will have online classes at home. 也许不会,他们会在家上网课。
5. How will people travel in the future? 未来人们会怎么旅行?
6. They will probably use driverless cars or even fly in small planes. 他们可能会用无人驾驶汽车,甚至乘小型飞机。
【以less结尾的单词】
1)负面或缺失状态
aimless:无目标的、漫无目的的
careless:粗心的、不仔细的
fruitless:无结果的、徒劳的
helpless:无助的、无能为力的
hopeless:无望的、绝望的
jobless:失业的
powerless:无力的、无权的
senseless:无知觉的、愚蠢的
soulless:无灵魂的、缺乏感情的
speechless:说不出话的、无言以对的
meaningless:毫无意义的、荒谬的
needless:不必要的、多余的
pointless:无意义的、无目的的
thankless:吃力不讨好的、不被感激的
armless:无手臂的、无武装的
colourless/colorless:无色的、乏味的
waterless:无水的、干旱的
merciless:无情的、残忍的
2)积极或中性含义
countless:无数的、数不清的
endless:无尽的、无止境的
limitless:无限的、无界限的
fearless:无畏的、勇敢的
matchless:无与伦比的、无双的
painless:无痛的、不费力的
selfless:无私的、忘我的
stainless:无污点的、不锈的
timeless:永恒的、不受时间影响的
doubtless:无疑的、肯定的
7. Will there be less pollution in the future? 未来污染会更少吗?
8. I hope so————people will use more clean energy like solar power. 希望如此,人们会用更多清洁能源,列如太阳能。
9. What will doctors be able to do in 100 years? 100年后医生能做什么?
【be able to与can的区别】
be able to与can的区别主要体目前使用场景和语法功能上:
1)时态使用
①can:只有目前式和过去式(could),无法单独表达其他时态。
②be able to:可以用于各种时态,如将来时、完成时等。
2)位置限制
①can:作为情态动词,can只能放在实义动词前。
②be able to:作为动词短语,需根据时态变化,且不能直接用于情态动词后,需用be able to替换。
3)能力类型
①can:一般表明天生或已具备的能力。
②be able to:更强调通过努力获得的能力。
4)过去时的用法
①can:表明一般能力。
②be able to:常用于表明过去成功完成某事。
5)正式程度
①can:多用于非正式场合。
②be able to:更常见于正式场合。
总结来说,can更适合表达简单的能力或可能性,而be able to则更灵活,适合描述具体情境下的能力或努力的结果。
10. They will cure many serious diseases like cancer. 他们会治愈许多严重的疾病,列如癌症。
11. Will people live on Mars one day? 有一天人们会住在火星上吗?
12. Scientists say it will be possible, but not soon. 科学家说有可能,但不会很快。
13. How long will people live in the future? 未来人们会活多久?
14. Maybe over 150 years with better health care. 有了更好的医疗,也许能活150多岁。
15. Will robots take over our jobs? 机器人会接管我们的工作吗?
【一些常见的“take”短语及其含义】
①take after:长相或举止像某个长辈
She takes after her mother in both looks and personality.她在外貌和性格上都像她母亲。
②take apart:拆开;拆散;彻底打败;严厉批评
He took apart the old clock to see how it worked.他拆开了那只旧钟,看看它是如何工作的。
③take as:看作,认为
I take him as a reliable friend.
我把他当作一个可靠的朋友。
④take away:拿走;使消失;减去;贬低作用
The noise took away my concentration.喧闹声分散了我的注意力。
⑤take back:承认说错;收回;送回;退货;使回忆起
I take back what I said earlier; I was wrong.我收回我之前说的话;我错了。
⑥take down:拿下;记下来;拆卸
Take down the notes quickly before the teacher finishes speaking.在老师讲完之前赶快把笔记记下来。
⑦take in:接待留宿;欺骗;理解;改窄衣物;包含
The hotel can take in more guests during the holiday season.这家旅馆在假日期间可以接待更多的客人。
⑧take off:脱下;起飞;休假;开始成功;打折扣;模仿
The plane took off smoothly despite the strong wind.尽管风很大,飞机还是顺利起飞了。
⑨take on:开始雇用;呈现;接受;承担;与……较量
The company took on new challenges after expanding its business.公司在扩大业务后接受了新的挑战。
⑩take out:带出去;正式取得;洗去污迹
Let's take out the kids for a movie tonight.今晚我们带孩子们出去看电影吧。
⑪take over:接手;接管
The new manager will take over the project next week.新经理将于下周接管这个项目。
⑫take to:喜爱上;染上习惯;到某处休憩/躲藏
She took to reading novels during her free time.她喜爱在空闲时间读小说。
⑬take up:开始从事;占据(时间/空间);接受提议;继续
He took up painting as a hobby after retirement.他退休后把画画当作爱好。
⑭take…for/to be…:误当作;以为是
I took the stranger for a friend of mine at first sight.我第一眼就以为那个陌生人是我的朋友。
⑮take a chance:碰碰运气;冒风险
He took a chance and invested all his savings in the startup.他抓住了机会,把所有的积蓄都投入了这家初创公司。
⑯take a deep/long breath:深吸一口气
Take a deep breath before you start speaking.在你开始说话之前先深呼吸。
⑰take a seat:坐下
Please take a seat and make yourself comfortable.请坐,别客气。
⑱take an interest in:对……有兴趣
She takes a great interest in astronomy.她对天文学很感兴趣。
⑲take steps/measures to do sth:采取措施做某事
The government is taking steps to improve public transportation.政府正在采取措施改善公共交通。
⑳take action:采取行动
We need to take action immediately to solve the problem.我们需要立即采取行动来解决这个问题。
(21)take advantage of:
利用;占便宜
Don't take advantage of others' kindness.不要利用别人的善意。
(22)take aim (at):瞄准
The hunter took aim at the deer and fired.猎人瞄准鹿开了枪。
(23)take…by surprise:奇袭;使惊奇
The sudden rain took everyone by surprise.突如其来的雨使每个人都感到吃惊。
(24)take care:当心;照顾
Take care when you cross the street.过马路时要小心。
(25)take charge of:负责;接管
She took charge of the team and led them to success.她负责这个团队并带领他们取得了成功。
(26)take control of:控制住
The police took control of the situation quickly.警方很快控制了局势。
(27)take delight/pleasure in:以……为乐
He takes delight in solving complex math problems.他以解决复杂的数学问题为乐。
(28)take effect:开始起作用;生效
The new policy will take effect next month.新政策将于下个月生效。
(29)take…for granted:想当然;认为理所当然
We often take our health for granted until we get sick.我们常常认为健康是理所当然的,直到生病。
(30)take…into account/consideration:思考到
When making the decision, we need to take the cost into account.做决定时,我们需要思考成本。