
中考英语 It 特殊用法详解 + 双语例句100句(附解析)
一、核心用法总览(中考高频考点)
It 是中考语法核心,共5大必考用法,覆盖单选、完形、写作三大题型,以下是精准考点+双语例句,附解析标注易错点。
二、详细用法与双语例句(100句)
1. 基础指代(必掌握,占比25%)
指代前文单数事物、时间、天气、距离、不明身份的人/婴儿。
1. This is a new bike. It is very cool.(这是一辆新自行车,它很酷。)→ 指代事物
2. —What time is it?(目前几点了?)—It’s 7:30. → 指代时间
3. It’s sunny and warm today.(今天晴朗温暖。)→ 指代天气
4. —How far is it from your home to school?(从你家到学校多远?)—It’s about 10 minutes’ walk. → 指代距离
5. Someone is knocking at the door. Who is it?(有人敲门,是谁呀?)→ 指代不明身份的人
6. The baby is crying. It must be hungry.(宝宝在哭,肯定是饿了。)→ 指代性别不明的婴儿
7. I lost my pen. I can’t find it anywhere.(我丢了钢笔,到处都找不到。)→ 指代前文提到的pen
8. —What’s the date today?(今天几号?)—It’s May 10th. → 指代日期
9. The book is interesting. I like it very much.(这本书很有趣,我很喜爱。)→ 指代事物
10. It rained heavily last night.(昨晚雨下得很大。)→ 指代天气
2. 形式主语(中考重点,占比30%)
替代长的真正主语(to do / doing / 从句),避免句子“头重脚轻”,核心结构:It + be/系动词 + 形容词/名词 + 真正主语。
(1)It + be + 形容词 + (for/of sb.) + to do
– for sb.:形容词描述“事情性质”(important, necessary, easy, difficult等)
11. It is important for us to learn English well.(学好英语对我们很重大。)→ 事情性质
12. It is necessary for students to do exercise every day.(学生每天锻炼很有必要。)
13. It is easy for me to solve this problem.(我解决这个问题很容易。)
14. It is dangerous for children to swim in the river alone.(孩子独自在河里游泳很危险。)
15. It takes me 20 minutes to get to school by bus.(坐公交上学花我20分钟。)→ 拓展:It takes sb. 时间 to do
– of sb.:形容词描述“人物品质”(kind, clever, polite, foolish等)
16. It is kind of you to help me.(你帮我,真是太善良了。)
17. It is clever of him to work out the math problem.(他算出这道数学题,真机智。)
18. It is polite of her to say “thank you” to others.(她对别人说谢谢,很有礼貌。)
19. It is foolish of him to believe such a lie.(他信任这种谎言,真愚蠢。)
20. It is careless of her to break the glass.(她打碎杯子,太粗心了。)
(2)It + be + 名词 + to do / doing
21. It is our duty to protect the environment.(保护环境是我们的责任。)→ 名词duty
22. It is no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收,哭也没用。)→ 固定搭配:It is no use doing
23. It is fun playing basketball with friends after school.(放学后和朋友打篮球很有趣。)
24. It is a good habit to get up early.(早起是个好习惯。)
25. It is a waste of time to play computer games too much.(玩太多电脑游戏是浪费时间。)
(3)It + be/不及物动词 + that 从句
26. It is true that the earth goes around the sun.(地球绕着太阳转,这是真的。)
27. It is a pity that you can’t come to my party.(你不能来参与我的派对,真遗憾。)
28. It is surprising that he won the game.(他赢了比赛,真令人惊讶。)
29. It seems that it is going to rain.(好像要下雨了。)→ 拓展:It seems that…
30. It happened that I was at home when he called.(他打电话时,我刚好在家。)→ 拓展:It happened that…
31. It is reported that many people went to the park.(据报道,许多人去了公园。)→ 拓展:It is reported/believed/said that…
32. It is well-known that Shenyang is a beautiful city.(众所周知,沈阳是座秀丽的城市。)
33. It doesn’t matter whether he comes or not.(他来不来都没关系。)
34. It is clear that he is telling the truth.(很明显,他在说真话。)
35. It is strange that she didn’t answer the phone.(真奇怪,她没接电话。)
3. 形式宾语(中考难点,占比20%)
替代动词后的长宾语(to do / 从句),核心结构:主语 + 动词 + it + 宾补(adj./n.)+ 真正宾语,常见动词:find, think, make, feel, consider等。
36. I find it easy to learn English grammar.(我发现学英语语法很容易。)→ find it + adj. + to do
37. She thinks it necessary to practice speaking English every day.(她认为每天练习说英语很有必要。)→ think it + adj. + to do
38. He makes it a rule to read English for 15 minutes every morning.(他规定自己每天早上读15分钟英语。)→ make it + n. + to do
39. We feel it our duty to help others.(我们觉得协助别人是我们的责任。)→ feel it + n. + to do
40. I consider it important to keep healthy.(我认为保持健康很重大。)
41. He found it hard to finish the work on time.(他发现按时完成工作很难。)
42. She made it clear that she disagreed with us.(她明确表明不同意我们。)
43. I think it useless to argue with him.(我认为和他争论没用。)
44. The teacher finds it interesting to tell stories to students.(老师觉得给学生讲故事很有趣。)
45. We all feel it a pleasure to work with him.(我们都觉得和他共事很愉快。)
4. 强调句型(中考高频,占比15%)
突出句子成分(主/宾/状),结构:It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 剩余部分;强调人用who/that,强调物/时间/地点用that 。
46. It was Tom who/that helped me with my English.(是汤姆帮我辅导英语的。)→ 强调主语Tom
47. It was my English book that I lost yesterday.(我昨天丢的是我的英语书。)→ 强调宾语my English book
48. It was in the classroom that we had the English exam.(我们是在教室里考的英语试。)→ 强调地点状语in the classroom
49. It was yesterday that I met my English teacher.(我是昨天见到我的英语老师的。)→ 强调时间状语yesterday
50. Is it you who/that broke the window?(是你打破窗户的吗?)→ 一般疑问句
51. It was not until 9 o’clock that I finished my homework.(直到9点我才完成作业。)→ 强调not…until
52. How was it that you got to school so early?(你怎么这么早到学校的?)→ 特殊疑问句
53. It was by reading English every day that I improved my English.(我是通过每天读英语提高英语成绩的。)
54. It was the new method that made the work easier.(是新方法让工作变得更简单。)
55. It was in the park that we had a good time last Sunday.(上周日我们是在公园玩得开心的。)
5. 固定句型(中考基础,占比10%)
56. It’s time to go to bed.(该睡觉了。)→ 拓展:It’s time to do / It’s time for sth
57. It’s time for us to have English class.(我们该上英语课了。)
58. It’s your turn to clean the classroom.(轮到你打扫教室了。)
59. It’s 3 years since we came to Shenyang.(我们来沈阳已经3年了。)→ 拓展:It’s + 时间段 + since…
60. It’s high time that we left for the airport.(我们该出发去机场了。)→ 拓展:It’s high time that…(虚拟语气,从句用过去式)
61. It is certain that he will pass the exam.(他肯定会通过考试。)
62. It is obvious that she is good at singing.(很明显,她擅长唱歌。)
63. It is a fact that English is widely used in the world.(英语在世界上广泛使用,这是实际。)
64. It takes her an hour to do her homework every day.(她每天花一小时做作业。)
65. It seems that he is very tired.(他好像很累。)
三、参考答案与解析(按用法分类)
1. 基础指代解析
– 核心:It 可指代时间、天气、距离、不明身份的人/婴儿、前文单数事物,是基础考点,需结合语境判断指代对象。
– 易错点:指代人时,仅用于不明身份、婴儿,不能指代已知的人(用he/she/they)。
2. 形式主语解析
– 核心:避免“头重脚轻”,真正主语后置;区分 for/of sb.:for 表“事情性质”,of 表“人物品质”。
– 高频结构:It is + adj. + (for/of sb.) to do;It is no use doing;It is + 过去分词 + that…
– 易错点:of sb. 形容词只能是描述人的品质词,不能用important等描述事情的词。
3. 形式宾语解析
– 核心:动词后接 it 替代长宾语,常见动词:find, think, make, feel,宾补多为形容词。
– 易错点:不能去掉 it,否则句子结构混乱;真正宾语必须是 to do 或从句。
4. 强调句型解析
– 核心:去掉 It is/was…that/who 后,句子结构完整、语义通顺;强调人用who/that,其他用that。
– 易错点:不能强调谓语动词;时态由原句决定(原句目前时用is,过去时用was)。
5. 固定句型解析
– 核心:熟记中考常考的It固定搭配,直接用于单选、写作提分。
– 高频句型:It’s time to do/for sth.;It takes sb. 时间 to do;It’s + 时间段 + since…;It seems that…
四、中考提分技巧
1. 单选优先判断 It 位置:句首多为形式主语/强调句型,动词后多为形式宾语。
2. 写作加分:用 It is important/necessary for sb. to do 替换简单句,提升句式多样性。
3. 易错点专项记:区分 for/of sb.、强调句不可强调谓语、形式宾语的常见动词。