口译笔记符号
口译笔记符号是因人而异的，没有唯一的标准答案，也不是完全照搬来的，真相是：笔记符号一部分是学来的，一部分是自己潜心练习总结来的，既有通性，又有个性。
做口译笔记时的注意事项：
1）口译笔记应该记点，切忌求记“全”。口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充，且也不必取代记忆。口译笔记的主要内容是概念，命题，名称，数字，组织机构和逻辑关系（如大小，先后，正反，上下，升降，因果关系等），笔记单位以表达意群的文字和符号为主。
2）口译笔记求快求精，但不可潦草。
3）口译笔记可使用来源语，也可使用目标语，也可以双语兼用。只要有利于口译的准确和流利性，不必拘泥于某种文字或符号。例如，“联合国大会”可笔录为” UN”或“联大”。
一、 缩略词
英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。很显然的是，如果能熟练掌握缩略词，会对口译工作大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式：
- 1、拿掉所有元音：MKT: market、MGR: manager
- 2、保留前几个字母：INFO ：information、IOU：I owe you
- 3、保留开头和结尾的发音字母：WK：week、RM：room
- 4、根据发音：R ：are、THO：though
高级口译听力常用英语缩略词：缩略词（左） 原词（右）
APT ：Apartment
ACC：Accountant
ACDG ：According
ACPT: Accept
AD ：Advertisement
ASAP ：As soon as possible
BAL ：Balance
BLDG ：Building
CERT Certificate
CMU ：Communication
CONC ：Concern/concerning/concerned
COND ：Condition
CO. ：Company
FRT：Freight
FYR ：For your reference
GD ：Good
GUAR ：Guarantee
THO ：Though
TKS ：Thanks
TRD ：Trade
TRF：Traffic
TTL ：Total
二、字母和图像
Z 表明“人”people/person，由于”Z”看上去像个人头，它一般被写在一个词或符号的右上角。例如：日本人：JZ。
C 表明政府，统治：government，govern 希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C来表明govern, government。governmental official 可以表明为 CZ。
E 表明总数：total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表明总值。
G 表明效率：efficient, effective。G为效率符号。
Q 表明”通货膨胀”：inflation由于这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。
A 表明农业: agriculture. agriculture常常用到，所以用首字母取代。
B 表明商业：business。
C× 表明冲突，矛盾：conflict， confrontation “C×”中的”×”表明反对，字母”C”将反对的概念缩小为conflict 和 confrontation。
i 表明工业: industry, industrial 字母i 像只烟囱，所以用来可以用来表明工业。
T 表明”领导人”：leader, head那么head of government, head of company 便可以表明为 CT。
k 这个符号看上像条鱼，所以表明”捕鱼业”等合fishery 有关的词汇。
O 圆圈代表地球，横线表明赤道，所以这个符号就可以表明国际的、世界的、全球的等: international, worldwide, global, universal等.
J 表明开心：pleasant, joyful，happy，excited等.
L 表明不满、生气unsatisfied, discomfort, angry, sad等.
三、数字符号
+ 表明”多”: many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.
++(+2) 表明”多”的比较级：more.
+3 表明”多”的最高级：most.
－ 表明”少”: little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.
× 表明”错误”、”失误”和”坏”的概念：wrong/incorrect，something bad，notorious，negative, etc.
> 表明”多于”概念：
bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.
表明”高” 概念：superior to，surpass, etc.
< 表明”少于”概念：less/smaller，etc.
表明”低”概念：inferior to，etc.
= 表明”同等”概念：means，that is to say， in other words，the same as，be equal to, etc.
( ) 表明”在……之间”：among, within, etc.
≠ 表明”不同”概念：be different from, etc.
～ 表明”大约”概念：about/around，or so， approximately, etc.
/ 表明”否定”，”消除”等概念：cross out, eliminate, etc.
四、标点符号
: 表明各种各样”说”的动词：say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.
? 表明”问题”：question，issue，例如：台湾问题：tw?
∧ 表明转折.
√ 表明”好的”状态，right/good，famous/well-known，etc.
☆ 表明”重大的”状态：important，exemplary（模范的） best，outstanding，brilliant，etc.
n 表明”交流”状态：exchange，mutual, etc.
& 表明”和”，”与”：and，together with，along with， accompany，along with，further more，etc.
∥ 表明”结束”：end，stop，halt，bring sth to a standstill/stop, etc.
1
做口译笔记时的注意事项
1. 口译笔记应该记点，切忌求记“全”。
口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充，且也不必取代记忆。
口译笔记的主要内容是概念，命题，名称，数字，组织机构和逻辑关系（如大小，先后，正反，上下，升降，因果关系等），笔记单位以表达意群的文字和符号为主。
2. 口译笔记求快求精，但不可潦草。
3. 口译笔记可使用来源语，也可使用目标语，也可以双语兼用。
只要有利于口译的准确和流利性，不必拘泥于某种文字或符号。例如，“联合国大会”可笔录为” UN”或“联大”。
4. 口译笔记使用大量常见略语。
例如：cf（confer/ compare），Co（company），e.g.（例如），max（maximum）， min（minimum），ref（reference），std（standard），usu（一般）等。
2
口译笔记符号
一、地名简写
|
原词 |
符号 |
原词 |
符号 |
|
Korea |
K |
Sweden |
SD |
|
Switzerland |
SW |
东西南北中等方位 |
“|－” |
|
the Republic of Korea (南朝鲜) |
ROK “K” |
the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea(北朝鲜) |
DPRK “_K” |
|
Eastern Germany (东德) |
“G|” |
Western Europe (西欧) |
“|EU” |
二、货币简写
|
原词 |
符号 |
原词 |
符号 |
|
Sterling/pound |
￡ |
US dollar |
$ |
|
Renminbi/RMB |
￥ |
Australian dollars |
$A |
|
Austrian schillings |
Sch |
Canadian dollars |
Can$ |
|
Eurodol |
€ |
New Zealand dollars |
NZ$ |
|
Japanese y |
円 |
三、时间简写
|
原词 |
符号 |
原词 |
符号 |
|
hour |
hr |
minute |
’ |
|
second |
’’ |
morning |
m |
|
afternoon |
a |
evening/night/tonight |
n |
|
today |
d |
yesterday |
.d |
|
the day before yesterday |
”d |
tomorrow |
d’ |
|
the day after tomorrow |
d’ ’ |
day by day/everyday |
dd |
|
last night |
’n |
next morning |
m’ |
|
this week |
w |
the week before last |
”w |
|
Monday |
1w |
Tuesday |
2w |
|
Wednesday |
3w |
Thursday |
4w |
|
Friday |
5w |
Saturday |
6w |
|
Sunday |
7w |
this month |
m |
|
January |
1m |
February |
2m |
|
March |
3m |
April |
4m |
|
May |
5m |
June |
6m |
|
July |
7m |
August |
8m |
|
September |
9m |
October |
10m |
|
November |
11m |
December |
12dm |
|
two month ago |
.2m |
this year |
y |
|
two year later |
y2. |
1949年前 |
/49 |
|
1949年后 |
49/ |
1949年底 |
49 |
|
20年后来 |
20y| |
century |
C |
|
since/ever since |
┠ |
uo to now/ until |
┫ |
四、度量衡
|
原词 |
符号 |
原词 |
符号 |
|
meter |
m |
inch |
in. |
|
centimeter |
cm |
foot |
ft |
|
minimeter |
mm |
knot |
kt |
|
mile |
mi |
acre |
A |
|
nautical mile |
nm |
五、缩略词
|
原词 |
符号 |
原词 |
符号 |
|
Apartment |
APT |
Accountant |
ACC |
|
According |
ACDG |
Accept |
ACPT |
|
Advertisement |
AD |
Address |
ADS |
|
aircraft |
AC |
at least |
AL |
|
Advice |
ADV |
Approve |
APV |
|
as soon as possible |
ASAP |
As much/many as possible |
AMAP |
|
are |
R |
Amount |
AMT |
|
Building |
BLDG |
Balance |
BAL |
|
Cancel |
CNCL |
Conference |
CNF |
|
carbon copy |
cc |
care of |
c/o |
|
Conform |
CFM |
Commission |
CMI |
|
Complete |
CMP |
Concern/concerning/concerned |
CONC |
|
Condition |
COND |
Communication |
CMU |
|
Compete/competitive |
CMPE |
Certificate |
CERT |
|
Company |
CO. |
Departure |
DPT |
|
Discount |
DISC |
Department |
DEPT |
|
Extent |
EXT |
Exchange |
EXCH |
|
Explain |
EXPLN |
Extra large |
XL |
|
Final |
FNT |
Flight |
FLT |
|
For your reference |
FYR |
Freight |
FRT |
|
Guarantee |
GUAR |
Good |
GD |
|
Home office |
H.O. |
Interested |
INTST |
|
Information |
INFO |
important |
IMP |
|
I owe you |
IOU |
In stead of |
I/O |
|
In view of |
IVO |
Include |
IINCD |
|
insurance |
INS |
Impossible |
IMPS |
|
Individual |
INDIV |
Minimum |
MIN |
|
Market |
MKT |
Manufacture |
MANUF |
|
Message |
MSG |
manager |
MGR |
|
Model |
MDL |
Memorandum |
MEMO |
|
No later than |
NLT |
Necessary |
NCRY |
|
Ordinary |
ORD |
Observe |
OBS |
|
Obtain |
OBT |
Product |
PROD |
|
Patent |
PAT |
Packing |
PKG |
|
Please |
PLS |
People |
PL |
|
Piece |
PC |
Position |
POSN |
|
Possible |
POSS(BL) |
Quantity |
QUTY |
|
Quality |
QLTY |
room |
RM |
|
Regular |
REGL |
Representative |
REP |
|
Reservation |
RESN |
Repeat |
RPT |
|
Responsible |
RESPON |
receive |
RCV |
|
Reference |
REF |
Situation |
SITN |
|
Standard |
STD |
Section |
SEC |
|
Though |
THO |
TGM |
Telegraph |
|
Thanks |
TKS |
Telephone |
TEL |
|
Trade |
TRD |
through |
THRU |
|
Temporary |
TEMP |
Traffic |
TRF |
|
Total |
TTL |
You |
U |
|
Your |
UR |
Will |
WL |
|
Week |
WK |
Weight |
WT |
六、较长单词的处理办法
|
词尾 |
缩写 |
原词 |
符号 |
|
-ism |
m |
socialism |
Sm |
|
-tion |
n |
standardization (标准化) |
stdn |
|
-cian |
o |
technician |
techo |
|
-ing |
g |
marketing (市场营销) |
MKTg |
|
-ed |
d |
accepted |
acptd |
|
-able/ible/ble |
bl |
available |
avbl |
|
-ment |
mt |
amendment |
amdmt |
|
-ize |
z |
recognize |
regz |
|
-ful |
fl |
meaningful |
mnfl |
七、字母、图像、符号
|
原词 |
符号 |
原词 |
符号 |
|
people/person人 |
ｏ右上角 |
Janpanese日本人 |
JPｏ |
|
Government/govern |
C 政府 |
Governmental official |
CZ |
|
Politics/political |
P 政治 |
politician |
PZ |
|
Efficient/effective |
G 效率 |
inflation |
Q 通货膨胀 |
|
victory,/win/success |
V 胜利 |
Leader/head |
T 领导人 |
|
agriculture/agriculture |
A 农业 |
business |
B 商业 |
|
conflict/confrontation |
C× 冲突/矛盾 |
work/employ |
W 工作/职业 |
|
industry/industrial |
i 工业 |
treaty/agreement |
U 合同/协议 |
|
bilateral(双边的) |
U内填入2 |
trilateral (三边的) |
U内填入3 |
|
Unilateralism(单边主义) |
U内填入1 |
Multiple(多边主义) |
U内填入m |
|
谈判破裂 |
U上加一个“/” |
country/state/nation |
□ 国家/民族/领土 |
|
Import进口 |
gO |
outport出口 |
Og |
|
chair/ host/preside over |
Z主持/主办 |
Chairman/host |
Z°主席、主持人 |
|
contact, exchanges: |
∞ 联系 |
fishery |
∞ 捕鱼业 |
|
head of government/ company |
CT |
international/worldwide/ |
○ 国际的/世界的/全球的 |
|
global/universal |
|||
|
as we all know/ as is known to all/as you have already heard of |
EO 听到/众所周之 |
meeting/conference/negotiation/seminar/discussion/symposium |
⊙会议/开会 |
|
pleasant/joyful/happy/excited |
J 开心/高兴/荣幸/好现象 |
unsatisfied/discomfort/ |
L 生气/悲伤/悲伤/忧虑/不满 |
|
angry/sad |
|||
|
indifferent/apathetic/unconcern/don’t care much |
O 漠不关心/ |
total/totally/entire/entirely/on the whole/all in all/to sum up |
∑总值/总数 |
|
无动于衷 |
|||
|
go into/arrive at/give to/send to/present to |
g→ 到达/传达 |
lead to/result in/in the direction of |
→ 导致/引导 |
|
come/go back to/originate |
←追溯到 |
be/come from/return/receive from |
f← 自于 |
|
launch/open/start |
↗发射/投放市场/发行 |
develop/strengthen/promote/ boost,/improve/enhance |
↑ 发展/加强/推进 |
|
up/upward/rise/increase/ |
h↑ 上升 |
ups and downs/twists and turns/roller coaster |
<< 波折 |
|
arise/ascend |
|||
|
submit to |
↓屈服 |
exchange/mutual |
n交流 |
|
a match /rival /competitor/ counterpart/against |
VS对手 |
many/lots of/a great deal of/a good many of/plus |
+ 多/加之/加上/补充 |
|
more |
++/+2多的比较级 |
most |
+3 多的最高级 |
|
little/few/lack/in short of/be in shortage of/minus |
－ 少/减去/除去 |
about/around/or so/approximately |
≈大约 |
|
bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than |
> 大于/多于/好于/优于 |
less/smaller |
< 小于/少于/差于/劣于 |
|
superior to/surpass |
∧ 高 |
inferior to |
∨低 |
|
among/within |
( ) 在…之间 |
but yet however |
∧ 转折 |
|
cross out/eliminate |
/ 否定/消除 |
question/issue |
? 问题/疑惑/难题 |
|
wonder/miracle/pay attention to |
！惊叹/特别注意 |
matchless/peerless |
无敌 |
|
say/speak/talk/marks/ announce/declare |
: 说/认为/希望 |
end/stop/halt/bring sth to a standstill/stop |
∥ 结束 |
|
right/good/famous/well-known |
√ 对/正确/好的 |
wrong/incorrect/something bad/notorious/negative |
× 错误/失误/坏 |
|
stand up for/support/ agree with sb/certain/ affirmative |
Y同意 |
not agree/disagree |
N不同意 |
|
thought |
*想法/重大的/优秀的 |
important/best/outstanding/ brilliant |
☆ 重大的 |
|
very/extremely |
__ 强调程度 |
under the circumstance |
￣在…的条件/情况下 |
|
means/that is to say/in other words/the same as/be equal to |
#NAME? |
be different from |
≠ 不同/不等于/不相当/不是 |
|
and/together with/along with/accompany/along with/further more |
&和/与 |
belong to |
∈属于 |
|
basis of/ perpendicular/ is perpendicular to |
⊥ …的基础 |
therefore/so/as a result/ consequently |
∴所以/结果 |
|
because/because of/due to |
∵由于/由于/多亏 |
hear/listen |
○3 听说 |
|
about |
＠关于 |
parallel |
// |
|
water |
H2O |
for |
4 |
|
to |
2 |
without |
w/o |
|
with |
w/ |
plus or minus |
± |
|
times |
x |
so on, etc, and so forth |
··· |
|
divided by |
÷ |
circle, circumference |
○ |
|
degree |
℃ |
ellipse |
0 |
|
percent |
% |
diameter |
θ |
|
per thousand |
‰ |
triangle, delta |
△ |
|
between |
|.| |
inside/ within/include/ among, |
( ) |
|
maintaining peace and stability: |
◎ |
Empty |
O |
|
as always/hold on,/persist/ insist on |
≡ 一直/总是/一贯 |
pressure/influence |
⊥(竖线为向下箭头) |
|
On the other hand/or |
/ 或者 |
right angle |
∟ |
|
Representative/delegation/ delegation |
△ |
ocean/sea/river/lake/brook/ stream |
∽江河湖海水 |
|
hills/mountain |
ω山 |
climb the mountain |
ω上加一点· |
|
山水之间 |
ω∕∽ |
before/beyond/in front of |
·| |
|
above/on/over |
～上加一点· |
below/beneath/under |
～下加一点· |
|
table/desk/house/building/bed |
︹桌/凳/床/楼/房 |
在椅子上 |
︹上加一短横 |
|
在桌子下 |
︹下加一短横 |
look/ look after/ look into/investigate/witness |
⊙ |
|
资本主义 |
资’ |
四个现代化 |
4m |
|
peace-keeping |
维p |
第三世界 |
3w |
（来源：有道爱翻译、雅言翻译微信公众号。感谢原作者，仅用于知识分享。）
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