人教版(2019)高中英语必修三第四单元知识详解

人教版(2019)高中英语必修三第四单元知识详解

词汇

1.desire n.渴望; 欲望 vt.渴望; 期望

【同根词】desirable adj.令人满意的; 值得要的 desired adj.渴望的; 想得到的

【搭配】(1)desire to do 　渴望做…… desire sb. to do 希望某人做……

e.g.If you desire physical activities, you can choose activities from swimming to horse riding.

2.determine vt. 查明; 确定; 决定

e.g.My aim was first of all to determine what I should do next.

【同根词】determined adj. 有决心的, 意志坚定的 determination n. 决定, 确定

【搭配】determine to do sth.　决心做某事

3.disappointed adj. 失望的; 沮丧的

e.g.The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down.

【同根词】disappoint vt. 使失望 disappointment n. 失望; 沮丧

disappointing adj. 令人失望的; 令人扫兴的

【搭配】be disappointed at 　　对……失望 be disappointed in sb. 对某人感到失望

4.lack n. 缺乏; 短缺　vt. 没有; 缺乏

【同根词】lacking adj. 缺乏的; 没有的; 不足的

【搭配】for lack of 因缺乏……; 因缺少……; 因没有……

lack in=be lacking in 缺少……

e.g.The charges were dropped for lack of evidence.

5.launch vt. & n. 发射; 发起; 上市

【搭配】launch out into sth. 开始从事, 投身于

e.g.They launched a campaign to restore law and order.

6.argue vt. &vi. 争论; 争辩; 论证

【同根词】argument n. 争论

【搭配】argue with　和……争吵 argue about 由于……争论

e.g.The boy argued with his teacher about his homework.

7.attach vt. 系; 绑; 贴

【搭配】attach. . . to. . . 把……系到/贴到/附在某物上

attach(much) importance to. . . 认为……(很)重大

e.g.Please attach these labels to your hand luggage.

8.limited adj. 有限的

【同根词】limitless adj.无限制的; 无界限的 limit v.& n. 限制

limitation n.限制, 能力上的不足

e.g.It is a waste of limited resources.

短语

1.carry on 继续做, 坚持干

e.g.The assistant carried on talking.

【拓展】carry out　进行, 开展, 执行(计划、命令)

carry through 完成; 把……进行到底; 使人渡过难关

carry sb.back 使回想起; 回忆起 carry off 拿走; 夺走

2.result in导致; 造成

【拓展】result from 由于, 由于 as a result 因此 as a result of. . . 作为……的结果

e.g.Positive thinking and action result in success.

句型

1.On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.

【句式解构】本句中the+序数词+n. +to do 表明第几个做某事的……。

不定式所修饰的名词或代词前面常有only, first, last, next或序数词、形容词最高级等修饰。

e.g.I am always the first person to get to the office. 我总是第一个到达办公室的人。

2.These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed, but the desire to explore the universe never died.

【句式解构】(1)句中made everyone sad and disappointed是make的复合结构, 即make+宾语+宾语补足语; 其中形容词sad and disappointed作宾语补足语。

3.Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.

【句式解构】(1)本句中划线部分exploring space是动名词短语在句中作主语。动名词作主语时, 它已经将动作名词化了, 已把某个动作视为某种活动或是某件事情了, 动作意义很弱, 比较抽象。

e.g.Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。